While probiotics are widely used and known to benefit host health, few studies have explored their effects on the gut microbiome of healthy adults. This study aimed to evaluate both compositional and functional changes in the faecal microbiome following 8 weeks of supplementation with a 14-strain probiotic blend.
Understanding how probiotics interact with a healthy gut microbiome is essential for guiding their use beyond clinical populations. Most research focuses on compositional changes (e.g., diversity and abundance), but this study also assessed functional gene-level changes, offering deeper insight into how probiotics may influence metabolic and immune pathways in healthy individuals.
Type of trial: Single-arm, open-label clinical trial
Sample size and population: 41 healthy volunteers
Duration and intervention:
8-week daily intake of a 14-strain probiotic blend (8 billion CFU/day via 4 capsules)
Compositional changes in gut microbiota (alpha/beta diversity, taxonomic abundance)
Functional changes in microbial gene expression (KEGG pathways via shotgun metagenomics)
Stool frequency and consistency
Fasting breath hydrogen and methane levels
Fecal biomarkers of inflammation (calprotectin, lactoferrin, zonulin)
Safety assessments
Microbiome composition:
No significant changes in overall alpha or beta diversity
Significant decrease in Odoribacteraceae and Bacteroidaceae families
Significant increase in Megamonas genus
Functional gene changes:
Alterations in pathways related to phenylalanine metabolism, O-antigen biosynthesis, bacterial chemotaxis, and flagellar assembly
How the findings support product claims:
The study provides evidence that even in healthy individuals, multi-strain probiotics can induce modest but measurable changes in gut microbiota composition and function. These findings support the use of probiotics not only for symptom relief but also for maintaining microbial balance and functional diversity in healthy populations.